Frontal Crash Field Experience Related to Test Procedures  [Carl Ragland] 2003 SAE Government/Industry Meeting

SLIDE 1:
EVALUATION OF CRASH TYPES ASSOCIATED WITH TEST PROTOCOLS


SLIDE 2:
TEST PROTOCOLS
 - Offset Deformable Barrier (ODB)
 - Moving Deformable Barrier (MDB)
 - Fixed Rigid Barrier (FRB)


SLIDE 3:
NASS VARIABLES
 - object contacted
 - GAD of other vehicles
 - specific horizontal location (SHL)
 - direct damage width
 - heading angles
 - GAD of the other vehicle in combination with heading angles


SLIDE 4:
OFFSET DEFORMABLE BARRIER
(caption "ODB Test")
overhead image of vehicle left front fender at contact point with deformable barrier (pre-crash)


SLIDE 5:
ODB TYPE CRASH WITH LEFT OFFSET
overhead image with 2 vehicles, at 9 o'clock and 6 o'clock (subject vehicle). showing angles of offset front left oblique.

subject car: overlap <30%
20 degree range of impact angle


SLIDE 6:
ODB type crash for a left offset, with an oblique angle
image of subject vehicle at 2 o'clock, partner vehicle (offset) at 9 o'clock

 overlap <30%


SLIDE 7:
MOVING DEFORMABLE BARRIER
 image - MDB test at oblique angle


SLIDE 8:
MDB type crash with a right oblique right offset configuration



SLIDE 9:
MDB type front-to-rear-crash configuration.
left front-to back left offset (subject vehicle)


SLIDE 10:
FIXED RIGID BARRIER


SLIDE 11:
frb TYPE CRASH
CENTER FRONT TO BACK, FULL OVERLAP (SUBJECT VEHICLE


SLIDE 12:
FRB TYPE CRASH CONFIGURATION FOR A FULL-FRONTAL, NEARLY FULL-ENGAGEMENT, HEAD-ON CRASH
image: FRB type crash center front-to-front, colliniear (subject vehicle)


SLIDE 13:
ODB TYPE CRASH
Hyundai Elantra, Offset Frontal with Corolla (photos: post-crash exterior of subject vehicle)


SLIDE 14:
ODB TYPE CRASH Toyota Corolla, Offset with Elantra (post crash photo)


SLIDE 15:
MDB TYPE CRASH
Toyota Afvalon; obique with Chevrolet suburban (post crash photos)


SLIDE 16:
MDB TYPE CRASH
Toyota Afvalo (continued)
post-crash interior photo


SLIDE 17:
MDB TYPE CRASH
Chevrolet Suburban, oblique with avalon
(exterior photos,  post-crash)


SLIDE 18:
MDB TYPE CRASH:
Buick Century, Oblique with Explorer partner (exterior post-crash photos of subject vehicle)


SLIDE 19:
photo: Buick Century Interior


SLIDE 20:
exterior post-crash photot: EPXLORER PARTNER IS NOT CATEGORIZED


SLIDE 21:
FRB TYPE CRASH
VW Jetta full frontal, with S10 partner
(post-crash photos  of Jetta exterior)


SLIDE 22:
FRB TYPE CRASH
Chevrolet S10 pickup full frontal, with Jetta partner
(post-crash photos  of Jetta exterior)


SLIDE 23:
ODB & MDB
Chevrolet Malibu and Ford Taurus, right offset
(pst-crash photos, both vehicles)


SLIDE 24:
FRONTAL CRASHES REPRESENTED BY CRASH TYPE 
NASS 1995 - 2001
(Accident exposure by crash type and air bag availbility)    
(bar chart, indicating in airbag, non airbag and overall, MDB has highest number of crashes


SLIDE 25:
MAIS 2-6 DRIVER INJURIES BY CRASH TYPE 
NASS 1995-2001
(Injury distribution by crash type and air bag availbility)    
(bar chart, indicating in airbag, non airbag and overall, MDB has highest number of crashes)



SLIDE 26:
AIS 2-6 DRIVER INJURIES BY BODY REGION IN AIRBAG VEHICLES NASS 1995-2001 (Distribution of driver injuries by body region for air bag-equipped vehicles)
- bar chart, indicating that in head, thorax, upper and lower extremities, MDB has the greatest distribution of injuries


SLIDES 27-:
CONCLUSION

MDB TYPE CRASH
 - most frequent frontal crash
 - predominant cause of overall injuries and injuries to the lower extremities.
 - intrusion rather than inertial loading is the predominant cause of injuries to the lower extremities

ODB & FRB TYPE CRASH
 - inertial loading is the predominant injury mechanism for the lower extremities in ODB and FRB type crashes

 - there are nearly 2 times more lower leg injuries in FRB type crashes, than in ODB type crashes


SLIDE 29:
QUESTIONS