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Effectiveness: 2 Star Cost: $$$
Use: Medium
Time: Long

This countermeasure involves some form of driver education before licensure, typically for anyone younger than 18. Most commonly, this includes 30 hours of classroom instruction and 6 hours of behind-the-wheel practice, although requirements vary considerably across States (Thomas et al., 2012). This training can include either commercial or high school driver education programs.

Effectiveness Concerns: This countermeasure is used in many States. Its effectiveness has been examined in several research studies. The balance of the evidence suggests that these types of countermeasures are ineffective in the long term.

Further information about the known research, potential effectiveness, costs, use, and time to implement is available in Appendix A6, Section 2.1.