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AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. (2016a). Driver licensing policies and practices: Driver licensing policies and practices database.

AAAFTS. (2016b). Driver licensing policies and practices: Noteworthy initiatives database.

Agimi, Y., Albert, S. M., Youk, A. O., Documet, P. I., & Steiner, C. A. (2018). Dementia and motor vehicle crash hospitalizations: Role of physician reporting laws. Neurology90(9), e808-e813.

American Geriatrics Society & A. Pomidor, Ed. (2016, January). Clinician’s guide to assessing and counseling older drivers, 3rd edition. (Report No. DOT HS 812 228). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The American Geriatrics Society retains the copyright. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1988

Braitman, K. A., Chaudhary, N. K., & McCartt, A. T. (2010). Restricted licensing among older drivers in Iowa. Journal of Safety Research, 41, 481–486.

Carr, D. B., Schwartzberg, J. G., Manning, L., & Sempek, J. (2010, June). Physician’s guide to assessing and counseling older drivers, 2nd edition (Report No. DOT HS 811 298). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. www.nhtsa.gov/staticfiles/nti/older_drivers/pdf/811298.pdf

Census Bureau (2014). 65+ in the United States: 2010 (P23-212). www.census.gov/library/­publications/2014/demo/p23-212.html

Census Bureau (2018). American Community Survey: Age and sex. https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?­hide­Preview=false&table=S0101&tid=ACSST1Y2017.S0101&lastDisplayed­Row=32&moe=false&y=2017.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Life expectancy. www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/life-expectancy.htm

Cheung, I., & McCartt, A. T. (2011). Declines in fatal crashes of older drivers: Changes in crash risk and survivability. Accident Analysis & Prevention43(3), 666-674.

Cicchino, J. B., & McCartt, A. T. (2014). Trends in older driver crash involvement rates and survivability in the United States: An update. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 72, 44-54.

Cicchino, J. B., & McCartt, A. T. (2015). Critical older driver errors in a national sample of serious US crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention80, 211-219.

Eby, D. W., Molnar, L. J., Kartje, P., St. Louis, R. M., Parow, J. E., Vivoda, J. M., & Neumeyer, A. L. (2008, October). Older driver self-screening based on health concerns, volume I: Technical report (Report No. DOT HS 811 046A). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1870  

Edwards, J. D., Leonard, K. M., Lunsman, M., Dodson, J., Bradley, S., Myers, C. A., & Hubble, B. (2008). Acceptability and validity of older driver screening with the Driving Health Inventory. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40, 1157-1163.

Federal Highway Administration. (1995). Licensed drivers by sex and age group, 1963-1995. www.fhwa.dot.gov/ohim/summary95/dl220.pdf

FHWA. (2020). Distribution of licensed drivers – 2018 by age, Table DL-22.

www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2018/dl22.cfm

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. (2019). Older drivers. www.iihs.org/topics/older-drivers

Joyce, J., Lococo, K. H., Gish, K. W., Mastromatto, T., Stutts, J., Thomas, D., & Blomberg, R. (2018, April). Older driver compliance with license restrictions (Report No. DOT HS 812 486). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/36716

Kahane, C. J. (2013, May). Injury vulnerability and effectiveness of occupant protection technologies for older occupants and women (Report No. DOT HS 811 766). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/811766

Langford, J., & Koppel, S. (2011). License restrictions as an under-used strategy in managing older driver safety. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43, 487-493.

Li, G., Braver, E. R., & Chen, L. H. (2003). Fragility versus excessive crash involvement as determinants of high death rates per vehicle-mile of travel among older drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35, 227-235.

Lococo, K. H. (2003, June 18). Summary of medical advisory board practices in the United States. U.S. Department of Transportation. www.vision-and-eye-health.com/support-files/us_driving_requirements.pdf

Lococo, K. H., Sifrit, K. J., Stutts, J., Joyce, J. J., & Staplin, L. (2017, March). Medical review practices for driver licensing, Volume 2: Case studies of medical referrals and licensing outcomes in six States (Report No. DOT HS 812 380). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/2087

Lococo, K. H., & Staplin, L. (2018, April). Visual scanning training for older drivers: A literature review (Report No. DOT HS 812 514). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/35967

Lococo, K. H. Staplin, L., & Schultz, M. W. (2018, July). The effects of medical conditions on driving performance: A literature review and synthesis (Report No. DOT HS 812 526). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38687

Lococo, K. H., Stutts, J., & Staplin, L. (2016, October). Medical review practices for driver licensing, Volume 1: A case study of guidelines and processes in seven U.S. States (Report No. DOT HS 812 331). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1974

Lococo, K. H., Stutts, J., Sifrit, K. J., & Staplin, L. (2017, April). Medical review practices for driver licensing, Volume 3: Guidelines and processes in the United States (Report No. DOT HS 812 402). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/2094

Lombardi, D. A., Horrey, W. J., & Courtney, T. K. (2017). Age-related differences in fatal intersection crashes in the United States. Accident Analysis & Prevention99, 20-29.

Mayhew, D. R., Simpson, H. M., & Ferguson, S. A. (2006). Collisions involving senior drivers: high-risk conditions and locations. Traffic Injury Prevention7(2), 117-124.

McCarthy, D. P., Mann, W. C., & Lanford, D. (2009, May). Process and outcomes evaluation of older driver screening programs: The assessment of driving-related skills (ADReS) older-driver screening tool (Report No. DOT HS 811 113). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1878

Meuser, T. M., Carr, D. B., Irmiter, C., Schwartzberg, J. G. & Ulfarsson, G. F. (2010). The American Medical Association older driver curriculum for health professionals: Changes in trainee confidence, attitudes, and practice behavior. Gerontology & Geriatrics Education, 31, 290-309.

Meuser, T. M., Carr, D. B., & Ulfarsson, G. F. (2009). Motor-vehicle crash history and licensing outcomes for older drivers reported as medically impaired in Missouri. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 41, 246-252.

Meuser, T.M., Carr, D.B., Unger, E.A., and Ulfarsson, G.F. (2015). Family reports of medically impaired drivers in Missouri: Cognitive concerns and licensing outcomes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 74, 17-23.

Molnar, L. J. & Eby, D. W. (2008). 2008 North American license policies workshop recommendations. AAA Foundation. https://aaafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/LPWorkshopRecommendationsReport.pdf

Molnar, L.J., Eby, D.W., Zhang, L., Zanier, N., St. Louis, R. & Kostyniuk, L. (2015). Self-Regulation of Driving by Older Adults: A LongROAD Study. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. https://aaafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/SelfRegulationOfDrivingByOlderAdultsReport.pdf

National Center for Statistics and Analysis. (2020, April). Older population: 2018 data (Traffic Safety Facts. Report No. DOT HS 812 928). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.  https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812928

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (1982, 2018). Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) [Custom data analysis]. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

NHTSA. (1998). Older drivers: Cues for law enforcement (Report No. DOT HS 808 778). www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/olddrive/cuesindex.html

NHTSA. (2003). A compendium of law enforcement older driver programs. www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/olddrive/LawEnforcementOlderDriver03/index.htm

NHTSA. (2005). Older driver traffic safety plan (Unnumbered report). www.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/olddrive/OlderDriverPlan/images/OlderDriverSafetyPlan.pdf

NHTSA. (2009, September). Driver fitness medical guidelines (Report No. DOT HS 811 210). www.nhtsa.dot.gov/files/driver-fitness-medical-guidelines

NHTSA. (2010, December). Older driver program five-year strategic plan 2012-2017 (Report No. DOT HS 811 432). www.nhtsa.gov/staticfiles/nti/pdf/811432.pdf

NHTSA. (2013, December). Traffic safety for older people — 5-Year Plan (Report No. DOT HS 811 837). www.nhtsa.gov/staticfiles/nti/older_drivers/pdf/Older_People_811873.pdf

NHTSA. (2014, April). Older driver safety (Highway Safety Program Guideline No. 13. Report No. DOT HS 812 007D). https://tntrafficsafety.org/sites/default/files/11.%20NHTSA%20Guideline%2013.%20OlderDriverSafety.pdf

NHTSA. (2017, April). Driver medical review practices across the United States (Traffic Safety Facts Traffic Tech. Report No. DOT HS 812 403). https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/2095

NHTSA. (2020). Driver involvement rates per 100,000 licensed drivers by age, sex, and crash severity, 2018 (Table 62). https://cdan.nhtsa.gov/tsftables/tsfar.htm#

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2001). Ageing and transport: Mobility needs and safety issues. www.internationaltransportforum.org/Pub/pdf/01Ageing.pdf

Potts, I., Stutts, J., Pfefer, R., Neuman, T. R., Slack, K. L, & Hardy, K. K. (2004). A guide for reducing collisions involving older drivers (NCHRP Report 500, Vol. 9). Transportation Research Board. https://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_rpt_500v9.pdf

Rosenbloom, S., & Santos, R. (2014). Understanding older drivers: An examination of medical conditions, medication use, and travel behavior. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. https://aaafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Medication­TravelBehaviors­Report.pdf

Snyder, K. M., & Ganzini, L. (2009). Outcomes of Oregon’s law mandating physician reporting of impaired drivers. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 22, 161-165.

Staplin, L., & Lococo, K. H. (2003, May). Model driver screening and evaluation program. Vol. 3: Guidelines for motor vehicle administrators (Report No. DOT HS 809 581). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1724

Staplin, L., Lococo, K. H., Gish, K. W., & Decina, L. E. (2003a, May). Model driver screening and evaluation program. Vol. 1: Project summary and model program recommendations (Report No. DOT HS 809 582). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://icsw.nhtsa.gov/people/injury/olddrive/modeldriver/volume_i.htm

Staplin, L., Lococo, K. H., Gish, K. W., & Decina, L. E. (2003b, May). Model driver screening and evaluation program. Vol. 2: Maryland pilot older driver study (Report No. DOT HS 809 583). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1738

Staplin, L., Lococo, K., Mastromatto, T., Gish, K. W., Golembiewski, G., & Sifrit, K. J. (2019, January). Mild cognitive impairment and driving performance (Report No. DOT HS 812 577). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/38688

Stutts, J. C. (2005). Improving the safety of older road users (NCHRP Synthesis Project 20-5, Synthesis Topic 35-10). Transportation Research Board. https://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_syn_348.pdf

Stutts, J. C., Martell, C., & Staplin, L. (2009, June). Identifying behaviors and situations associated with increased crash risk for older drivers (Report No. DOT HS 811 093). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1880

Stutts, J. C. & Wilkins, J. (2009). Driver licensing policies and practices: Gearing up for an aging population. Project Summary Report. AAA Foundation. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/350a/d8df19f51cf149f9fe45f144b3de35dd0c2e.pdf?_ga=2.185635881.1459334143.1613484610-2079465180.1610541089

Stutts, J. C., & Wilkins, J. (2012). Keeping seniors safe and mobile: An evaluation of a local drive test option. AAA Foundation. https://aaafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/KeepingSeniorSafeReport.pdf

U.S. Department of Transportation. (2003, November). Safe mobility for a maturing society: Challenges and opportunities. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1726

Vespa, J., Lauren M., & Armstrong, D. M. (2020). Demographic turning points for the United States: Population projections for 2020 to 2060. Current Population Reports, 25-1144. U.S. Census Bureau. www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2020/demo/p25-1144.pdf

Vernon, D. D., Diller, E., Cook, L., Reading, J., & Dean, J. M. (2001, March). Further analysis of drivers licensed with medical conditions in Utah (Report No. DOT HS 809 211). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/1703

Wang, C. C., Kosinski, C. J., Schwartzberg, J. G., & Shanklin, A. V. (2003). Physician’s guide to assessing and counseling older drivers (Report No. DOT HS 809 647). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/39100