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AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. (2018). 2017 Traffic safety culture index.

AAAFTS. (2021). 2020 Traffic safety culture index.

Adamos, G., Nathanail, E. G., & Kapetanopoulou, P. (2013). Do road safety communication campaigns work? How to assess the impact of a national fatigue campaign on driving behavior. Transportation Research Record: The Journal of the Transportation Research Board2364(1), 62–70.

Adamos, G., & Nathanail, E. (2019). Testing the effectiveness of objective and subjective predictors of driving behavior under fatigue. Transportation Research Record: The Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2673(8), 343-352.

Adolescent Sleep Working Group, Committee on Adolescence, & Council on School Health. (2014). School start times for adolescents. Pediatrics, 134(3), 642–649.

Åkerstedt, T. (2019). Shift work - Sleepiness and sleep in transport. Sleep Medicine Clinics14(4), 413–421.

Barger, L. K., Cade, B. E., Ayas, N. T., Cronin, J. W., Rosner, B., Speizer, F. E., & Czeisler, C. A. (2005). Extended work shifts and the risk of motor vehicle crashes among interns. The New England Journal of Medicine352(2), 125–134.

Bin-Hasan, S., Kapur, K., Rakesh, K., & Owens, J. (2020). School start time change and motor vehicle crashes in adolescent drivers. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine: JCSM: Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine16(3), 371–376.

Bioulac, S., Micoulaud-Franchi, J.-A., Arnaud, M., Sagaspe, P., Moore, N., Salvo, F., & Philip, P. (2017). Risk of motor vehicle accidents related to sleepiness at the wheel: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep40(10).

Blanco, M., Bocanegra, J. L., Morgan, J. F., Fitch, G. M., Medina, A., Olson, R. L., Hanowski, R. J., Daily, B., Zimmerman, R. P., Howarth, H. D., DiDomenico, T. E., Barr, L. C., Popkin, S. M., & Green, K. (2009). Assessment of a drowsy driver warning system for heavy-vehicle drivers (Report No. DOT HS 811 117). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Booth, J. N., Behring, M., Cantor, R. S., Colantonio, L. D., Davidson, S., Donnelly, J. P., Johnson, E., Jordan, K., Singleton, C., Xie, F., & McGwin, G. (2016). Zolpidem use and motor vehicle collisions in older drivers. Sleep Medicine20, 98–102.

Brown, T., Lee, J., Schwarz, C., Fiorentino, D., & McDonald, A. (2014). Assessing the feasibility of vehicle-based sensors to detect drowsy driving (Report No. DOT HS 811 886). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Caponecchia, C., & Williamson, A. (2018). Drowsiness and driving performance on commuter trips. Journal of Safety Research66, 179–186.

Chen, G. X., Fang, Y., Guo, F., & Hanowski, R. J. (2016). The influence of daily sleep patterns of commercial truck drivers on driving performance. Accident Analysis & Prevention91, 55–63.

Danner, F., & Phillips, B. (2008). Adolescent sleep, school start times, and teen motor vehicle crashes. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 4(6), 533-535.

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. (2015). Electronic logging devices and hours of service supporting documents, 49 CFR Parts 385, 386, 390, 395. Federal Register, 80(241), 78292–78416.

Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. (2016). FMCSA 2015-2018 strategic plan. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration.

Fischer, P. (2016). Wake up call! Understanding drowsy driving and what States can do. Governors Highway Safety Association.

Foss, R. D., Smith, R. L., & O’Brien, N. P. (2019). School start times and teenage driver motor vehicle crashes. Accident Analysis and Prevention126, 54–63.

George, C. F. (2001). Reduction in motor vehicle collisions following treatment of sleep apnoea with nasal CPAP. Thorax56(7), 508–512.

Goodwin, A., Foss, R., Sohn, & Mayhew, D. (2007). A guide for reducing collisions involving young drivers: Volume 19: Guidance for implementation of the AASHTO strategic highway safety plan (NCHRP Report 500 series report). National Academies Press.

Governors Highway Safety Association. (n.d.-a). Teen and novice drivers.

GHSA. (n.d.-b). Drowsy driving.

Gurubhagavatula, I., & Sullivan, S. S. (2019). Screening for sleepiness and sleep disorders in commercial drivers. Sleep Medicine Clinics14(4), 453–462.

Higgins, J. S., Michael, J., Austin, R., Åkerstedt, T., Van Dongen, H. P. A., Watson, N., Czeisler, C., Pack, A. I., & Rosekind, M. R. (2017). Asleep at the wheel-The road to addressing drowsy driving. Sleep40(2).

Huffmyer, J. L., Moncrief, M., Tashjian, J. A., Kleiman, A. M., Scalzo, D. C., Cox, D. J., & Nemergut, E. C. (2016). Driving performance of residents after six consecutive overnight work shifts. Anesthesiology124(6), 1396–1403.

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. (2012). They’re working: Insurance claims data show which new technologies are preventing crashes. Status Report47(5), 1-7.

IIHS. (2014). Technology that pays attention to the road when drivers don’t [Web page], Status report, Special issue: Distracted driving49(8), 7.

IIHS. (2022). Graduated licensing laws by state. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety/Highway Loss Data Institute.

Lansdown, T. C. (2002). Individual differences during driver secondary task performance: Verbal protocol and visual allocation findings. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 34(5), 655–662.

Liu, Y., Wheaton, A. G., Chapman, D. P., Cunningham, T. J., Lu, H., & Croft, J. B. (2016). Prevalence of healthy sleep duration among adults--United States, 2014. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report65(6), 137–141.

Lyznicki, J. M., Doege, T. C., Davis, R. M., & Williams, M. A. (1998). Sleepiness, driving, and motor vehicle crashes. Council on Scientific Affairs, American Medical Association. The Journal of the American Medical Association279(23), 1908–1913.

Marcus, J. H., & Rosekind, M. R. (2017). Fatigue in transportation: NTSB investigations and safety recommendations. Injury Prevention23(4), 232–238.

Martin-Gill, C., Higgins, J. S., Van Dongen, H. P. A., Buysse, D. J., Thackery, R. W., Kupas, D.  F., Becker, D. S., Dean, B. E., Lindbeck, G. H., Guyette, F. X., Penner, J. H., Violanti, J. M., Lang, E. S., & Patterson, P. D. (2018). Proposed performance measures and strategies for implementation of the fatigue risk management guidelines for emergency medical services. Prehospital Emergency Care22(sup1), 102–109.

May, J. F., & Baldwin, C. L. (2009). Driver fatigue: The importance of identifying causal factors of fatigue when considering detection and countermeasure technologies. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour12(3), 218–224.

McCartt, A. T., & Teoh, E. R. (2015). Tracking progress in teenage driver crash risk in the United States since the advent of graduated driver licensing programs. Journal of Safety Research53, 1–9.

National Center for Education Statistics. (2020). Start time for U.S. public high schools. [Web page].

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (1998). Drowsy driving and automobile crashes (Report No. DOT HS 808 707).

NHTSA & National Center for Sleep Disorders Research. (1998) The road to preventing drowsy driving among shift workers: Employer administrator’s guide.

NHTSA. (2016, March). NHTSA drowsy driving research and program plan (Report No. DOT HS 812 252). [Web page].

NHTSA. (2017). Asleep at the wheel: A national compendium of efforts to eliminate drowsy driving (Report No. DOT HS 812 352). 

NHTSA. (2023). Fatality and Injury Reporting System Tool (FIRST), Version 5.6. Custom data run.

National Sleep Foundation. (2006). 2006 Sleep in America poll: Summary of findings: Teens and sleep.

NSF. (2008). 2008 Sleep in America poll: Summary of findings. [Sleep, performance and the workplace].

NSF. (2012). 2012 Sleep in America Poll: Planes, trains, automobiles and sleep. [Transportation workers’ sleep].

Nelson, T. F., Isaac, N. E., & Graham, J. D. (2001). Development and testing of countermeasures for fatigue related highway crashes: Focus group discussions with young males, shift workers, and shift work supervisors. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Owens, J. M., Dingus, T. A., Guo, F., Fang, Y., Perez, M., McClafferty, J., & Tefft, B. (2018). Prevalence of drowsy driving crashes: Estimates from a large-scale naturalistic driving study [Research Brief]. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.

Pacheco, D., & Singh, A. (2022). Tips for shift workers. Sleep Foundation.

Papadelis, C., Chen, Z., Kourtidou-Papadeli, C., Bamidis, P. D., Chouvarda, I., Bekiaris, E., & Maglaveras, N. (2007). Monitoring sleepiness with on-board electrophysiological recordings for preventing sleep-deprived traffic accidents. Clinical Neurophysiology118(9), 1906–1922.

Patterson, P. D., Higgins, J. S., Van Dongen, H. P. A., Buysse, D. J., Thackery, R. W., Kupas, D. F., Becker, D. S., Dean, B. E., Lindbeck, G. H., Guyette, F. X., Penner, J. H., Violanti, J. M., Lang, E. S., & Martin-Gill, C. (2018). Evidence-based guidelines for fatigue risk management in Emergency Medical Services. Prehospital Emergency Care22(sup1), 89–101.

Patterson, P. D., & Robinson, K. (2019). Fatigue in emergency medical services systems (Report No. DOT HS 812 767). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Persaud, B., Lyon, C., Eccles, K., & Soika, J. (2016). Safety effectiveness of centerline plus shoulder rumble strips on two-lane rural roads. Journal of Transportation Engineering142(5), 04016012.

Pollini, R. A., Waehrer, G., & Kelley-Baker, T. (2017). Receipt of warnings regarding potentially impairing prescription medications and associated risk perceptions in a national sample of U.S. drivers. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs78(6), 805–813.

Powell, N. B., & Chau, J. K. M. (2011). Sleepy driving. Sleep Medicine Clinics6(1), 117-124.

Punjabi, N.M. (2008). The epidemiology of adult obstructive sleep apnea. Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 5(2), 136-143.

Pupil attendance: school start time, Senate Bill No. 328 (SB-328), Calif. Educ. Code ch. 868 §46148. (2019).

Rahman, M., & Kang, M.-W. (2020). Safety evaluation of drowsy driving advisory system: Alabama case study. Journal of Safety Research74, 45–53.

Rosenberg, M. (2015, January.). Clearing the snooze hurdles: What three districts did to create later school start times to address teenagers’ sleep patterns. AASA The School Superintendents Association.

Royal, D. (2003). National survey of distracted and drowsy driving attitudes and behavior: 2002: Volume 1: Findings (Report No. DOT HS 809 566). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Sahayadhas, A., Sundaraj, K., & Murugappan, M. (2012). Detecting driver drowsiness based on sensors: A review. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 12(12), 16937–16953.

Sassani, A., Findley, L. J., Kryger, M., Goldlust, E., George, C., & Davidson, T. M. (2004). Reducing motor-vehicle collisions, costs, and fatalities by treating obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep, 27(3), 453–458.

Shockey, T. M., & Wheaton, A. G. (2017). Short sleep duration by occupation group - 29 States, 2013-2014. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report66(8), 207–213.

Smith, R. C., Turturici, M., & Camden, M. C. (2018). Countermeasures against prescription and over-the-counter drug-impaired driving. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.

Smolensky, M. H., Di Milia, L., Ohayon, M. M., & Philip, P. (2011). Sleep disorders, medical conditions, and road accident risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention43(2), 533–548.

Stewart, T. (2022). Overview of motor vehicle crashes in 2020 (Report No. DOT HS 813 266). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Stutts, J., Knipling, Pfefer, R., Neuman, T. R., Slack, & Hardy, K. K. (2005). A guide for reducing crashes involving drowsy and distracted drivers: Volume 14: Guidance for implementation of the AASHTO strategic highway safety plan (NCHRP Report 500 series report). Transportation Research Board.  

Suni, E., & DeBanto, J. (2021). Narcolepsy. Sleep Foundation.

Swanson, L. M., Drake, C., & Arnedt, J. T. (2012). Employment and drowsy driving: A survey of American workers. Behavioral Sleep Medicine10(4), 250–257.

Tefft, B. C. (2010). Asleep at the wheel: The prevalence and impact of drowsy driving. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.

Tefft, B. C. (2014). Prevalence of motor vehicle crashes involving drowsy drivers, United States, 2009 – 2013. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.

Tefft, B. C. (2016). Acute sleep deprivation and risk of motor vehicle crash involvement. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.

Terán-Santos, J., Jiménez-Gómez, A., Cordero-Guevara, J., & Cooperative Group Burgos-Santander. (1999). The association between sleep apnea and the risk of traffic accidents. The New England Journal of Medicine340(11), 847–851.

Vorona, R. D., Szklo-Coxe, M., Wu, A., Dubik, M., Zhao, Y., & Ware, J. C. (2011). Dissimilar teen crash rates in two neighboring southeastern Virginia cities with different high school start times. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine7(2), 145–151.

Wheaton, A. G., Chapman, D. P., & Croft, J. B. (2016). School start times, sleep, behavioral, health, and academic outcomes: A review of the literature. Journal of School Health, 86(5), 363–381.

Wheaton, A. G., Chapman, D. P., Presley-Cantrell, L. R., Croft, J. B., & Roehler, D. R. (2013). Drowsy driving – 19 States and the District of Columbia, 2009-2010. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 61(51 & 52), 1033-1037.

Wheaton, A. G., Shults, R. A., Chapman, D. P., Ford, E. S., Croft, J. B. (2014). Drowsy driving and risk behaviors - 10 States and Puerto Rico, 2011-2012. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report63(26), 557–562.

Williams, A. F. (2007). Public information and education in the promotion of highway safety (Research Results Digest 322). Transportation Research Board.

Yip, T., Wang, Y., Xie, M., Ip, P. S., Fowle, J., & Buckhalt, J. (2022). School start times, sleep, and youth outcomes: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 149(6).