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AAA. (2022). Teen driver safety. [Web page].

AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety. (2014). Violations and enforcement of graduated driver licensing restrictions in North Carolina and Washington State.

Alderman, E. M., & Johnston, B. D. (2018). The teen driver. Pediatrics142(4), e20182163.

American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators. (2019). Guidelines for testing drivers in vehicles with advanced driver assistance systems.

Baker, S. P., Chen, L-H., & Li, G. (2007). Nationwide review of graduated driver licensing. AAA Foundation.

Beanland, V., Goode, N., Salmon, P. M., & Lenné, M. G. (2013). Is there a case for driver training? A review of the efficacy of pre- and post-license driver training. Safety Science, 51(1), 127-137.

Block, A. W., & Walker, S. (2008). 2007 Motor Vehicle Occupant Safety Survey: Driver education and graduated driver licensing (Report No. DOT HS 811 047; Research Note). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Bonne, S., Suber, I., Anderson, A., & Livingston, D. H. (2018). Implementation is not enough: Graduated drivers licensing benefits from a comprehensive enforcement, education, and awareness campaigns. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery85(4), 704-710.

Borowsky, A., Shinar, D., & Oron-Gilad, T. (2010). Age, skill, and hazard perception in driving. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(4), 1240–1249.

Carney, C., Harland, K. K., & McGehee, D. V. (2016). Using event-triggered naturalistic data to examine the prevalence of teen driver distractions in rear-end crashes. Journal of Safety Research57, 47-52.

Carney, C., McGehee, D. V., Lee, J. D., Reyes, M. L., & Raby, M. (2010). Using an event- triggered video intervention system to expand the supervised learning of newly licensed adolescent drivers. American Journal of Public Health, 100(6), 1101-1106.

Carpenter, D., & Pressley, J. C. (2013). Graduated driver license nighttime compliance in U.S. teen drivers involved in fatal motor vehicle crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 56, 110-117.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. (n.d.). 10 leading causes of death, United States.

CDC. (2020). High school youth risk behavior survey.

CDC. (2022, November 21). Teen driver and passenger safety. [Web page and portal].

Chapman, E. A., Masten, S. V., & Browning, K. K. (2014) Crash and traffic violation rates before and after licensure for novice California drivers subject to different driver licensing requirements. Journal of Safety Research, 50, 125-138.

Chaudhary, N. K., Williams, A. F., & Nissen, W. (2007, September). Evaluation and compliance of passenger restrictions in a graduated driver licensing program (Report No. DOT HS 810 781). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Chaudhary, N. K., Williams, A. F., & Preusser, D. (2018). Evaluation of Connecticut’s 2008 graduated driver licensing Upgrades (Paper No. 18-02614). Proceedings of the Transportation Research Board 97th Annual Meeting, Washington, DC.

Chein, J., Albert, D., O'Brien, L., Uckert, K., & Steinberg, L. (2011). Peers increase adolescent risk taking by enhancing activity in the brain's reward circuitry. Developmental Science 14(2): F1-10.

Chen, L. H., Baker, S. P., Braver, E. R., & Li, G. (2000). Carrying passengers as a risk factor for crashes fatal to 16- and 17-year-old drivers. Journal of the American Medical Association, 283(12), 1578-1582.

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. (2020). Teen driving safety research. [Web page and portal]. 

Compton, R. P., & Ellison-Potter, P. (2008). Teen driver crashes: A report to Congress (Report No. DOT HS 811 005). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Conner, K. A., & Smith, G. A. (2017). An evaluation of the effect of Ohio's graduated driver licensing law on motor vehicle crashes and crash outcomes involving drivers 16 to 20 years of age. Traffic Injury Prevention18(4), 344-350.

Creaser, J., Morris, N., Edwards, C., Manser, M., Cooper, J., Swanson, B., & Donath, M. (2015). Teen Driver Support System (TDSS) field operational test (Report No. CTS 16-04). Center for Transportation Studies – University of Minnesota.

Curry, A. E., Elliott, M. R., Pfeiffer, M. R., Kim, K. H., & Durbin, D. R. (2015). Long-term changes in crash rates after introduction of a graduated driver licensing decal provision. American Journal of Preventive Medicine48(2), 121-127.

Curry, A. E., Hafetz, J., Kallan, M. J., Winston, F. K., & Durbin, D. R. (2011). Prevalence of teen driver errors leading to serious motor vehicle crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 43(4), 1285-1290.

Curry, A. E., Metzger, K. B., Williams, A. F., & Tefft, B. C. (2017). Comparison of older and younger novice driver crash rates: Informing the need for extended graduated driver licensing restrictions. Accident Analysis & Prevention108, 66-73.

Curry, A. E., Peek-Asa, C., Hamann, C. J., & Mirman, J. H. (2015). Effectiveness of parent-focused interventions to increase teen driver safety: A critical review. Journal of Adolescent Health57(1), S6-S14.

Curry, A. E., Pfeiffer, M. R., & Elliott, M. R. (2017). Compliance with and enforcement of graduated driver licensing restrictions. American Journal of Preventive Medicine52(1), 47-54.

Curry, A. E., Pfeiffer, M. R., Elliott, M. R., & Durbin, D. R. (2015). Association between New Jersey's graduated driver licensing decal provision and crash rates of young drivers with learners' permits. Injury Prevention21(6), 421-423.

Curry, A. E., Pfeiffer, M. R., Localio, R., & Durbin, D. (2013). Graduated driver licensing decal law: Effect on young probationary drivers. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 44(1), 1-7.

Dahl, R. E. (2008). Biological, developmental, and neurobehavioral factors relevant to adolescent driving risks. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 35(3S), S278-S284.

Delgado, M. K., Wanner, K. J., & McDonald, C. (2016). Adolescent cellphone use while driving: An overview of the literature and promising future directions for prevention. Media and Communication4(3), 79-89.

Editorial Board (Eds.), Journal of Safety Research.  (2007, February 5-7). Novice teen driving: GDL and beyond – Research foundations for policy and practice symposium, Tucson, AZ. Journal of Safety Research, 38/2.

Ehsani, J. P., Bingham, C. R., Ionides, E., & Childers, D. (2014). The impact of Michigan's text messaging restriction on motor vehicle crashes. Journal of Adolescent Health, 54(5S), S68-S74.

Ehsani, J. P., Bingham, C. R., & Shope, J. T. (2013). The effect of the learner license graduated driver licensing components on teen drivers’ crashes. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 59, 327-336.

Ehsani, J. P., Ionides, E., Klauer, S. G., Perlus, J. G., & Gee, B. T. (2016). Effectiveness of cell phone restrictions for young drivers: Review of the evidence. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2602(1), 35-42.

Farah, H., Musicant, O., Shimshoni, Y., Toledo, T., Grimberg, E., Omer, H., & Lotan, T. (2014). Can providing feedback on driving behavior and training on parental vigilant care affect male teen drivers and their parents? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 69, 62-70.

Farmer, C. M., Kirley, B. B., & McCartt, A. T. (2010). Effects of in-vehicle monitoring on the driving behavior of teenagers. Journal of Safety Research41(1), 39-45.

Federal Highway Administration. (2022, December). Highway statistics 2021 – policy. Table DL-20.

Fell, J. C., Jones, K., Romano, E., & Voas, R. (2011). An evaluation of graduated driver licensing effects on fatal crash involvements of young drivers in the United States. Traffic Injury Prevention, 12(5), 423-431.

Ferguson, S. A. (2003). Other high-risk factors for young drivers – How graduated licensing does, doesn’t, or could address them. Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 71-77.

Fisher, D. L., Young, J., Zhang, L., Knodler, M., & Samuel, S. (2017). Accelerating teen driver learning: Anywhere, anytime training. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.

Foss, R. D. (2009). Effect of adding a passenger restriction to an already effective GDL system. Presentation at the TRB Young Driver Mid-Year Meeting, Washington, DC, July 13-14, 2009.

Foss, R. D., & Goodwin, A. H. (2003). Enhancing the effectiveness of graduated driver licensing legislation. Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 79-84.

Foss, R. D., & Goodwin, A. H. (2014). Distracted driver behaviors and distracting conditions among adolescent drivers: Findings from a naturalistic study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 54(5), S50-S60.

Foss, R. D., Goodwin, A. H., McCartt, A. T., & Hellinga, L. A. (2009). Short-term effects of a teenage driver cell phone restriction. Accident Analysis & Prevention41(3), 419-424.

Foss, R. D., Masten, S. V., Goodwin, A. H., & O’Brien, N. P. (2012). The role of supervised driving requirements in graduated driver licensing programs (Report No. DOT HS 811 550). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Foss, R., Masten, S., & Martell, C. (2014). Examining the safety implications of later licensure: Crash rates of older vs. younger novice drivers before and after graduated driver licensing. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety.

Gershon, P., Ehsani, J. P., Zhu, C., Sita, K. R., Klauer, S., Dingus, T., & Simons-Morton, B. (2018). Crash risk and risky driving behavior among adolescents during learner and independent driving periods. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63, 568–574.

Governors Highway Safety Association. (2012). Curbing teen driver crashes: An in-depth look at state initiatives.

GHSA. (2013). Promoting parent involvement in teen driving: An in-depth look at the importance and the initiatives.

GHSA. (2023). Teen driver safety.

Goodwin, A. H., & Foss, R. D. (2004). Graduated driver licensing restrictions: Awareness, compliance, and enforcement in North Carolina. Journal of Safety Research, 35(4), 367-374.

Goodwin, A., Foss, R., Sohn, J., & Mayhew, D. (2007). Guidance for implementation of the AASHTO Strategic Highway Safety Plan, Volume 19: A guide for reducing collisions involving young drivers. Transportation Research Board.

Goodwin, A. H., O’Brien, N. P., & Foss, R. D. (2012). Effect of North Carolina's restriction on teenage driver cell phone use two years after implementation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 48, 363-367.

Goodwin, A. H., Wells, J. K., Foss, R. D., & Williams, A. F. (2006). Encouraging compliance with graduated driver licensing restrictions. Journal of Safety Research, 37(4), 343-351.

Gregersen, N. P. (1996). Young drivers' overestimation of their own skill—an experiment on the relation between training strategy and skill. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 28(2), 243-250.

Guo, F., Klauer, S. G., Fang, Y., Hankey, J. M., Antin, J. F., Perez, M. A., Lee, S. E., & Dingus, T. A. (2017). The effects of age on crash risk associated with driver distraction. International Journal of Epidemiology46(1), 258-265.

Hamann, C., Schwab-Reese, L., O'Neal, E. E., Butcher, B., Yang, J., & Peek-Asa, C. (2019). Family communication patterns and teen driving intervention effectiveness. American Journal of Health Behavior, 43(5), 963–975.

Hedlund, J., & Compton, R. (2005). Graduated driver licensing research in 2004 and 2005. Journal of Safety Research, 36(2), 109-119.

Hedlund, J., Shults, R. A., & Compton, R. (2003). What we know, what we don’t know, and what we need to know about graduated driver licensing. Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 107-115.

Highway Loss Data Institute. (2010). Texting laws and collision claim frequencies. Highway Loss Data Institute Bulletin27(11), 1-10.

HLDI. (2015). Impact of Honda Accord collision avoidance features on claim frequency by rated driver age. Highway Loss Data Institute Bulletin, 32(35).

Horswill, M. S., Hill, A., Bemi-Morrison, N., & Watson, M. O. (2021). Learner drivers (and their parent-supervisors) benefit from an online hazard perception course incorporating evidence-based training strategies and extensive crash footage. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 161, 106340.

Horswill, M. S., Hill, A., & Jackson, T. (2020). Scores on a new hazard prediction test are associated with both driver experience and crash involvement, Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, Volume 71, 98-109.

Horswill, M. S., Hill, A., & Wetton, M. (2015). Can a video-based hazard perception test used for driver licensing predict crash involvement? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 82, 213–219.

Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. (2021a). Cell phone laws. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety/Highway Loss Data Institute.

IIHS. (2021b). Graduated licensing law by state. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety/Highway Loss Data Institute.

IIHS. (2023). Fatality facts 2021 - Teenagers. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety/Highway Loss Data Institute.  

IIHS. (2023). Teenagers. [Web page]. Insurance Institute for Highway Safety/Highway Loss Data Institute.

Jermakian, J. S., Bao, S., Buonarosa, M. L., Sayer, J. R., & Farmer, C. M. (2017). Effects of an integrated collision warning system on teenage driver behavior. Journal of Safety Research, 61, 65–75.

Katila, A., Keskinen, E., & Hatakka, M. (1996). Conflicting goals of skid training. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 28(6), 785-789.

Keating, D. P. (2007). Understanding adolescent development: Implications for driving safety. Journal of Safety Research, 38(2), 147-157.

Kelley, A. E., Schochet, T., & Landry, C. F. (2004). Risk taking and novelty seeking in adolescence: Introduction to part I. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1021(1), 27–32.

Kervick, A. A., Hogan, M. J., O’Hora, D., & Sarma, K. M. (2015). Testing a structural model of young driver willingness to uptake Smartphone Driver Support Systems. Accident Analysis & Prevention83, 171-181.

Klauer, S. G., Guo, F., Simons-Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., Lee, S. E., & Dingus, T. A. (2014). Distracted driving and risk of road crashes among novice and experienced drivers. The New England Journal of Medicine, 370(1), 54-59.

Knezek, C. M., Polirstok, S., James, R., & Poedubicky, G. (2018). Effects of Share the Keys (STK), a comprehensive, behavioral-based training program for parents and new teen drivers in New Jersey. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour56, 156-166.

Lee, J. D. (2007). Technology and teen drivers. Journal of Safety Research, 38(2), 203-213.

Lerner, N., Jenness, J., Singer, J., Klauer, S., Lee, S., Donath, M., Manser, M., & Ward, N. (2010). An exploration of vehicle-based monitoring of novice teen drivers (Report No. DOT HS 811 333). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Li, K., Simons-Morton, B., Gee, B., & Hingson, R. (2016). Marijuana-, alcohol-, and drug-impaired driving among emerging adults: Changes from high school to one-year post-high school. Journal of Safety Research58, 15-20.

Lin, M-L., & Fearn, K. T. (2003). The provisional license: Nighttime and passenger restrictions – A literature review. Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 51-61.

Lyon, J. D., Pan, R., & Li, J. (2012). National evaluation of the effect of graduated driver licensing laws on teenager fatality and injury crashes. Journal of Safety Research, 43(1), 29-37.

Manser, M. P., Noble, A. M., Machiani, S. G., Shortz, A., Klauer, S. G., Higgins, L., & Ahmadi, A. (2019). Driver training research and guidelines for automated vehicle technology (Final Report No. 01-004). Virginia Tech Transportation Institute.

Margolis, L. H., Masten, S. V., & Foss, R. D. (2007). The effects of graduated driver licensing on hospitalization rates and charges for 16- and 17-year-olds in North Carolina. Traffic Injury Prevention, 8(1), 35-38.

Masten, S. V., Foss, R. D., & Marshall, S. (2011). Graduated driver licensing and fatal crashes involving 16- to 19-year-old drivers. Journal of the American Medical Association, 306(10), 1098-1103.

Masten, S. V., Foss, R. D., & Marshall, S. W. (2013). Graduated driver licensing program component calibrations and their association with fatal crash involvement. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 57, 105-113.

Masten, S. V., Thomas, F. D., Korbelak, K. T., Peck, R. C., & Blomberg, R. D. (2015). Meta-analysis of graduated driver licensing laws (Report No. DOT HS 812 211). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Mayhew, D. R. (2003). The learner’s permit. Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 35-43.

Mayhew, D. R. (2007). Driver education and graduated licensing in North America: Past, present, and future. Journal of Safety Research, 38(2), 229-235.

Mayhew, D., Williams, A., & Pashley, C. (2014). A new GDL framework: Evidence base to integrate novice driver strategies. Traffic Injury Research Foundation.

Mayhew, D., Vanlaar, W., Lonero, L., Robertson, R., Marcoux, K., Wood, K., Clinton, K., & Simpson, H. (2017). Evaluation of beginner driver education in Oregon. Safety3(1), 9.

McCartt, A. T., Hellinga, L. A., & Haire, E. R. (2007). Age of licensure and monitoring teenagers' driving: Survey of parents of novice teenage drivers. Journal of Safety Research38(6), 697-706.

McCartt, A. T., Oesch, N. J., Williams, A. F., & Powell, T. C. (2012). New Jersey’s license plate decal requirement for graduated driver licenses: Attitudes of parents and teenagers, observed decal use, and citations for teenage driving violations. Traffic Injury Prevention, 14(3), 244-258.

McCartt, A. T., & Teoh, E. R. (2015). Tracking progress in teenage driver crash risk in the United States since the advent of graduated driver licensing programs. Journal of Safety Research53, 1-9.

McCartt, A. T., Teoh, E. R., Fields, M., Braitman, K. A., & Hellinga, L. A. (2010). Graduated licensing laws and fatal crashes of teenage drivers: A national study. Traffic Injury Prevention, 11(3), 240-248.

McDonald, C. C., Goodwin, A. H., Pradhan, A. K., Romoser, M. R. E., & Williams, A. F. (2015). A review of hazard anticipation training programs for young drivers. Journal of Adolescent Health, 57(1), S15-S23.

McGehee, D. V., Raby, M., Carney, C., Lee, J. D., & Reyes, M. L. (2007). Extending parental mentoring using an event triggered video intervention in rural teen drivers. Journal of Safety Research, 38(2), 215-227.

McKay, M. P., Coben, J. H., Larkin, G. L., & Shaffer, A. (2008). Attitudes of teenagers and their parents to Pennsylvania’s graduated driver licensing system. Traffic Injury Prevention, 9(3), 217-223.

McKnight, A. J., & McKnight, A. S. (2003). Young novice drivers: careless or clueless? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 35(6), 921-925.

McKnight, A. J., & Peck, R. C. (2003). Graduated driver licensing and safer driving. Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 85-89.

Mirman, J. H., Curry, A. E., Winston, F. K., Wang, W., Elliott, M. R, Schultheis, M. T., Fisher Thiel, M. C., & Durbin, D. R. (2014). Effect of the teen driving plan on the driving performance of teenagers before licensure: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of the American Medical Association Pediatrics, 168(8), 764-71.

Musicant, O., & Lampel, L. (2010). When technology tells novice drivers how to drive. Transportation Research Record2182(1), 8-15.

National Center for Statistics and Analysis. (2022). Young drivers: 2020 data (Traffic Safety Facts. Report No. DOT HS 813 313). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (n.d.). Teen driving. [Web page].

NHTSA. (2008, January). Graduated driver licensing system (Traffic Safety Facts. Report No. DOT HS 810 888W). 

NHTSA. (2017, February). Novice teen driver education and training administrative standards (NTDETAS) 2017 revision. [Unnumbered report].

NHTSA. (2023). Fatality and Injury Reporting System Tool (FIRST), Version 5.6. Custom data run.

National Safety Council. (2023). Car crashes are the #1 cause of preventable death for teens. [Web page].

O’Brien, N. P., Foss, R. D., Goodwin, A. H., & Masten, S. V. (2013). Supervised hours requirements in graduated driver licensing: Effectiveness and parent awareness. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 50, 330-335.

O'Malley, P. M., & Johnston, L. D. (2013). Driving after drug or alcohol use by US high school seniors, 2001–2011. American Journal of Public Health103(11), 2027-2034.

Ouimet, M. C., Pradhan, A. K., Brooks-Russell, A., Ehsani, J. P., Berbiche, D., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2015). Young drivers and their passengers: A systematic review of epidemiological studies on crash risk. Journal of Adolescent Health57(1), S24-S35.

Ouimet, M. C., Simons-Morton, B. G., Zador, P. L., Lerner, N. D., Freedman, M., Duncan, G. D., & Wang, J. (2010). Using the U.S. National Household Travel Survey to estimate the impact of passenger characteristics on young drivers’ relative risk of fatal crash involvement. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 42(2), 689-694.

Palumbo, A. J., Pfeiffer, M. R., Elliott, M. R., & Curry, A. E. (2018). Young driver compliance with graduated driver licensing restrictions before and after implementation of a decal provision. Journal of Adolescent Health62(5), 612-617.

Paterson, J. L., & Dawson, D. (2016). Fatigue and road safety for young and novice drivers. In D. L. Fisher, J. K. Caird, W. J. Horrey, & L. M. Trick (Eds.), Handbook of teen and novice drivers: Research, practice, policy, and directions (pp. 409-419). CRC Press.

Peck, R. C. (2011). Do driver training programs reduce crashes and traffic violations? — A critical examination of the literature. IATSS Research 34(2), 63–71.

Peek-Asa, C., Cavanaugh, J. E., Yang, J., Chande, V., Young, T., & Ramierz, M. (2014). Steering teens safe: A randomized trial of a parent-based intervention to improve safe teen driving. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 777.

Peek-Asa, C., Reyes, M. L., Hamann, C. J., Butcher, B. D., & Cavanaugh, J. E. (2019). A randomized trial to test the impact of parent communication on improving in-vehicle feedback systems. Accident Analysis & Prevention131, 63-69.

Pollatsek, A., Narayanaan, V., Pradhan, A., & Fisher, D. L. (2006). Using eye movements to evaluate a PC-based risk awareness and perception training program on a driving simulator. Human Factors48(3), 447-464.

Pradhan, A. K., Pollatsek, A., Knodler, M., & Fisher, D. L. (2009). Can younger drivers be trained to scan for information that will reduce their risk in roadway traffic scenarios that are hard to identify as hazardous? Ergonomics52(6), 657-673.

Pressley, J. C., Benedicto, C. B., Trieu, L., Kendig, T., & Barlow, B. (2009). Motor vehicle injury, mortality, and hospital charges by strength of graduated driver licensing laws in 36 states. The Journal of Trauma: Injury Infection, and Critical Care, 67(1 Supp.), S43-S53.

Preusser, D. F., Ferguson, S. A., & Williams, A. F. (1998). The effect of teenage passengers on the fatal crash risk of teenage drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 30(2), 217-222.

Ramirez, M., Yang, J., Young, T., Roth, L., Garinger, A., Snetselaar, L., & Peek-Asa, C. (2013). Implementation evaluation of Steering Teens Safe: Engaging parents to deliver a new parent-based teen driving intervention to their teens. Health Education & Behavior, 40(4), 426-434.

Reyes, M. L., McGehee, D. V., & Carney, C. (2018). Age versus experience: Evaluation of video feedback intervention for newly licensed teen drivers (Report No. DOT HS 812 508). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

Reyes, M. L., McGehee, D. V., Jenness, J. W., Krueger, J., & Riegler, K. (2016). Video and non-video feedback interventions for teen drivers (Report No. DOT HS 812 291). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

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Russell, K. F., Vandermeer, B., & Hartling, L. (2011). Graduated Driver Licensing for reducing motor vehicle crashes among young drivers. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 10.

Seacrist, T., Douglas, E. C., Huang, E., Megariotis, J., Prabahar, A., Kashem, A., Elzarka, A., Haber, L., MacKinney, T., & Loeb, H. (2018). Analysis of near crashes among teen, young adult, and experienced adult drivers using the SHRP2 naturalistic driving study. Traffic Injury Prevention, 19(1 Supp), S89–S96.

Shell, D. F., Newman, I. M., Córdova-Cazar, A. L., & Heese, J. M. (2015). Driver education and teen crashes and traffic violations in the first two years of driving in a graduated licensing system. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 82, 45–52.

Shope, J. T. (2007). Graduated driver licensing: Review of evaluation results since 2002. Journal of Safety Research, 38(2), 165-175.

Shults, R. A., Banerjee, T., & Perry, T. (2016). Who's not driving among US high school seniors: A closer look at race/ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and driving status. Traffic Injury Prevention17(8), 803-809.

Shults, R. A., Haegerich, T. M., Bhat, G., & Zhang, X. (2016). Teens and seat belt use: What makes them click? Journal of Safety Research57, 19-25.

Shults, R. A., & Williams, A. F. (2016). Graduated driver licensing night driving restrictions and drivers aged 16 or 17 years involved in fatal night crashes—United States, 2009–2014. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report65(29), 725-730.

Simons-Morton, B. G. (2019). Keeping young drivers safe during early licensure. RAC Foundation.

Simons-Morton, B. G., Bingham, C. R., Ouimet, M. C., Pradhan, A. K., Chen, R., Barretto, A., & Shope, J. T. (2013). The effect on teenage risky driving of feedback from a safety monitoring system: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(1), 21-26.

Simons-Morton, B. G., Ehsani, J. P., Gershon, P., Klauer, S. G., & Dingus, T. A. (2017). Teen driving risk and prevention: Naturalistic driving research contributions and challenges. Safety3(4), 29.

Simons-Morton, B. G., & Hartos, J. L. (2003). How well do parents manage young driver crash risks? Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 91-97.

Simons-Morton, B. G., Hartos, J. L., Leaf, W. A., & Preusser, D. F. (2005). Persistence of effects of the Checkpoints program on parental restrictions of teen driving privileges. American Journal of Public Health95(3), 447-452.

Simons-Morton, B. G., Hartos, J. L., Leaf, W. A., & Preusser, D. F. (2006). The effects of the Checkpoints program on parent-imposed driving limits and crash outcomes among Connecticut novice teen drivers at 6-months post-licensure. Journal of Safety Research, 37(1), 9-15.

Simons-Morton, B. G., & Ouimet, M. C. (2006). Parent involvement in novice teen driving: A review of the literature. Injury Prevention, 12(1 Supp), i30-i37.

Simons-Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., & Catalano, R. F. (2008). Parenting and the young driver problem. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 35(3S), S294-S303.

Simons-Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., Zhang, Z., Klauer, S. E., Lee, S. E., Wang, J., Albert, P. S., & Dingus, T. A. (2011). Crash and risky driving involvement among novice adolescent drivers and their parents. American Journal of Public Health, 101(12), 2362–2367.

Simpson, H. M. (2003). The evolution and effectiveness of graduated licensing. Journal of Safety Research, 34(1), 25-34.

Smith, M. F. (1994). Research agenda for an improved novice driver education program: A report to Congress (Report No. DOT HS 808 161). National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. 

Somerville, L. H. (2016). Searching for signatures of brain maturity: What are we searching for? Neuron92(6), 1164-1167.

Spear, L. P. (2011). Rewards, aversions and affect in adolescence: Emerging convergences across laboratory animal and human data. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 1(4) 390–403.

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